Resilience in middle-aged partners of patients diagnosed with incurable cancer: A thematic analysis.
Identifieur interne : 000444 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000443; suivant : 000445Resilience in middle-aged partners of patients diagnosed with incurable cancer: A thematic analysis.
Auteurs : Sophie Opsomer [Belgique] ; Peter Pype [Belgique] ; Emelien Lauwerier [Belgique] ; Jan De Lepeleire [Belgique]Source :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- psychologie : Aidants, Tumeurs.
- Adaptation psychologique, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Femelle, Humains, Mâle, Résilience psychologique, Études longitudinales.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- psychology : Caregivers, Neoplasms.
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Resilience, Psychological.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Providing care for patients with advanced cancer is often the responsibility of the partner. Being confronted with an incurable cancer diagnosis can be highly disruptive for the patient's partner and can be considered a potentially traumatic event. However, most caregivers seem to adapt well during the process of providing care. This finding is in line with the concept of resilience in literature: a dynamic process of adapting well, resulting from the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic resources and risks. Resilience is age-related, with the elderly population being higher in resilience as compared to the younger generation. However, resilience has been understudied in middle-aged caregivers.
AIM
To explore what intrinsic and extrinsic resources facilitate or hamper resilience in the middle-aged partner of a patient with incurable cancer.
METHODS
Nine middle-aged partners of patients who died at home of cancer were selected and interviewed in depth within the first year following the death of their partner. A thematic analysis utilizing an inductive approach was conducted.
FINDINGS
Resilience was challenged by the partner's diagnosis of incurable cancer. All participants made use of a set of interacting, caregiver-specific and context-related resources, facilitating a resilient process and leading to positive feelings and even personal growth. The partners demonstrated individual competences: adaptive flexibility, positivism, a sense of self-initiative and adaptive dependency. Furthermore, they relied on their context: cancer-related professionals and relatives. Context and situation interact continuously. The resulting dynamics were based on the context-availability, meaningful relationships and the patient's role.
CONCLUSION
A resilient trajectory results from an interplay between individual and contextual resources. To build resilience in middle-aged partners of patients with incurable cancer, health care professionals should address all available resources. Moreover, they should be aware of being part of the caregiver's context, a complex adaptive system that can be either resilience-supporting or -threatening.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221096
PubMed: 31412074
PubMed Central: PMC6693771
Affiliations:
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Opsomer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gent</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pype, Peter" sort="Pype, Peter" uniqKey="Pype P" first="Peter" last="Pype">Peter Pype</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public 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Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, UGent, Gent</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gent</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Lepeleire, Jan" sort="De Lepeleire, Jan" uniqKey="De Lepeleire J" first="Jan" last="De Lepeleire">Jan De Lepeleire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leuven</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PloS one</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Psychological (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Caregivers (psychology)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Longitudinal Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Neoplasms (psychology)</term><term>Resilience, Psychological (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation psychologique (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Aidants (psychologie)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Résilience psychologique (MeSH)</term><term>Tumeurs (psychologie)</term><term>Études longitudinales (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aidants</term><term>Tumeurs</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Caregivers</term><term>Neoplasms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptation, Psychological</term><term>Adult</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Resilience, Psychological</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adaptation psychologique</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Résilience psychologique</term><term>Études longitudinales</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Providing care for patients with advanced cancer is often the responsibility of the partner. Being confronted with an incurable cancer diagnosis can be highly disruptive for the patient's partner and can be considered a potentially traumatic event. However, most caregivers seem to adapt well during the process of providing care. This finding is in line with the concept of resilience in literature: a dynamic process of adapting well, resulting from the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic resources and risks. Resilience is age-related, with the elderly population being higher in resilience as compared to the younger generation. However, resilience has been understudied in middle-aged caregivers.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>AIM</b></p><p>To explore what intrinsic and extrinsic resources facilitate or hamper resilience in the middle-aged partner of a patient with incurable cancer.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Nine middle-aged partners of patients who died at home of cancer were selected and interviewed in depth within the first year following the death of their partner. A thematic analysis utilizing an inductive approach was conducted.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>FINDINGS</b></p><p>Resilience was challenged by the partner's diagnosis of incurable cancer. All participants made use of a set of interacting, caregiver-specific and context-related resources, facilitating a resilient process and leading to positive feelings and even personal growth. The partners demonstrated individual competences: adaptive flexibility, positivism, a sense of self-initiative and adaptive dependency. Furthermore, they relied on their context: cancer-related professionals and relatives. Context and situation interact continuously. The resulting dynamics were based on the context-availability, meaningful relationships and the patient's role.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>A resilient trajectory results from an interplay between individual and contextual resources. To build resilience in middle-aged partners of patients with incurable cancer, health care professionals should address all available resources. Moreover, they should be aware of being part of the caregiver's context, a complex adaptive system that can be either resilience-supporting or -threatening.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31412074</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>03</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>8</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Resilience in middle-aged partners of patients diagnosed with incurable cancer: A thematic analysis.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0221096</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0221096</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">Providing care for patients with advanced cancer is often the responsibility of the partner. Being confronted with an incurable cancer diagnosis can be highly disruptive for the patient's partner and can be considered a potentially traumatic event. However, most caregivers seem to adapt well during the process of providing care. This finding is in line with the concept of resilience in literature: a dynamic process of adapting well, resulting from the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic resources and risks. Resilience is age-related, with the elderly population being higher in resilience as compared to the younger generation. However, resilience has been understudied in middle-aged caregivers.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="AIM">To explore what intrinsic and extrinsic resources facilitate or hamper resilience in the middle-aged partner of a patient with incurable cancer.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">Nine middle-aged partners of patients who died at home of cancer were selected and interviewed in depth within the first year following the death of their partner. A thematic analysis utilizing an inductive approach was conducted.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="FINDINGS">Resilience was challenged by the partner's diagnosis of incurable cancer. All participants made use of a set of interacting, caregiver-specific and context-related resources, facilitating a resilient process and leading to positive feelings and even personal growth. The partners demonstrated individual competences: adaptive flexibility, positivism, a sense of self-initiative and adaptive dependency. Furthermore, they relied on their context: cancer-related professionals and relatives. Context and situation interact continuously. The resulting dynamics were based on the context-availability, meaningful relationships and the patient's role.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION">A resilient trajectory results from an interplay between individual and contextual resources. To build resilience in middle-aged partners of patients with incurable cancer, health care professionals should address all available resources. Moreover, they should be aware of being part of the caregiver's context, a complex adaptive system that can be either resilience-supporting or -threatening.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Opsomer</LastName><ForeName>Sophie</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-8956-5678</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pype</LastName><ForeName>Peter</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>End-of-life Care Research Group, VUB & UGent, Gent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lauwerier</LastName><ForeName>Emelien</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, UGent, Gent, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De Lepeleire</LastName><ForeName>Jan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016430">Clinical Trial</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000223" MajorTopicYN="Y">Adaptation, Psychological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017028" MajorTopicYN="N">Caregivers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="Y">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008137" MajorTopicYN="N">Longitudinal Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009369" MajorTopicYN="N">Neoplasms</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="Y">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055500" MajorTopicYN="Y">Resilience, Psychological</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>30</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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